See kamel on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "la",
"3": "camelus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camelus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"4": "",
"5": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kameler",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "kamelen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kamel c (singular definite kamelen, plural indefinite kameler)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "kamel c (singular definite kamelen, plural indefinite kameler)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "kamelernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "kamelers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "kamelens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "kamels",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "kamelerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kameler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "kamelen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kamel"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "da:Animals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Camelids",
"orig": "da:Camelids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "da",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "da:Mammals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel"
],
"id": "en-kamel-da-noun-SBJYXpRJ",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nByzantine Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nMiddle High German kemel\nGerman Kamelbor.\nKashubian kamel\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Byzantine Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"kemel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Kashubian:_camel\">\nBorrowed from German Kamel.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nByzantine Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nMiddle High German kemel\nGerman Kamelbor.\nKashubian kamel\nBorrowed from German Kamel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"f": "kamelka"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animal (female equivalent kamelka)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧mel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧mel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "csb",
"name": "Camelids",
"orig": "csb:Camelids",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel (mammal of the genus Camelus)"
],
"id": "en-kamel-csb-noun-OAYVzx6Y",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"Camelus",
"Camelus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wielbłąd"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.mɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-amɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Byzantine Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"kemel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Lower Sorbian\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"dsb\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"dsb\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Lower_Sorbian:_camel\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "German Kamel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "la",
"3": "camēlus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camēlus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَمَل"
},
"expansion": "Arabic جَمَل (jamal)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "גמל",
"sc": "Hebr",
"tr": "gamál"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew גמל (gamál)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Kamel, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), from Proto-Semitic *gamal-; compare Arabic جَمَل (jamal) and Hebrew גמל (gamál).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-21",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "kamelka"
},
"expansion": "kamel m anim (female equivalent kamelka)",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧mel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧mel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamel",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-21"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kamel",
"10": "kamela",
"11": "kamelowu",
"12": "kamele, kamelow",
"13": "kamelom",
"14": "kameloma",
"15": "kamelami",
"16": "kamelu",
"17": "kameloma",
"18": "kamelach",
"2": "kamela",
"3": "kamele",
"4": "kamela",
"5": "kamelowu",
"6": "kamelow",
"7": "kameloju",
"8": "kameloma",
"9": "kamelam",
"name": "kamel"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "dsb",
"name": "Even-toed ungulates",
"orig": "dsb:Even-toed ungulates",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel (beast of burden)"
],
"id": "en-kamel-dsb-noun-8VV0D9SU",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈmɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mapudungun Raguileo spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "arn",
"name": "Time",
"orig": "arn:Time",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"last year"
],
"id": "en-kamel-arn-adv-J5O0kYXj",
"links": [
[
"last year",
"last year"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "camel"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of camel"
],
"id": "en-kamel-enm-noun-jhaEG5J9",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "Bactrian camel",
"translation": "Bactrian camel",
"word": "baktriakamel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel driver",
"translation": "camel driver",
"word": "kameldriver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camelid",
"translation": "camelid",
"word": "kameldyr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel family",
"translation": "camel family",
"word": "kamelfamilie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel calf",
"translation": "camel calf",
"word": "kamelføll"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "female camel",
"translation": "female camel",
"word": "kamelhoppe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel hair",
"translation": "camel hair",
"word": "kamelhår"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel milk",
"translation": "camel milk",
"word": "kamelmelk"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "camel wool",
"translation": "camel wool",
"word": "kamelull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "pack camel",
"translation": "pack camel",
"word": "pakk-kamel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell",
"4": "",
"5": "camel",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell (“camel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse kamell (“camel”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kamel",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kamel (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "camēlus",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Latin camēlus (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"t": "camel",
"tr": "kámēlos"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal- (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Danish kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "German Kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camel"
},
"expansion": "English camel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse kamell (“camel”), borrowed from Middle Low German kamel (“camel”), from Latin camēlus (“camel”), from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”), from an unidentified Semitic source, ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal- (“camel”).\nCompare Norwegian Nynorsk kamel, Danish kamel, Swedish kamel, German Kamel and English camel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kamel m (definite singular kamelen, indefinite plural kameler, definite plural kamelene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nb",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "nb:Zoology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "32 32 14 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 36 5 13 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
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"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "enpuklet kamel — dromedary"
},
{
"english": "to accept something contrary to one's principles or wishes in order to reach a compromise",
"text": "svelge/sluke en kamel or svelge/sluke kameler",
"translation": "to accept something contrary to one's principles or wishes in order to reach a compromise"
},
{
"english": "to be excessively strict about minor matters while overlooking more important ones",
"text": "avsile myggen, men sluke kamelen or sile av myggen, men sluke kamelen",
"translation": "to be excessively strict about minor matters while overlooking more important ones"
},
{
"english": "camels in majestic procession across yellow desert sand",
"ref": "1993, Øystein Lønn, Thranes metode og andre noveller:",
"text": "kameler i majestetisk marsj over gul ørkensand",
"translation": "camels in majestic procession across yellow desert sand",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "drooling like a camel",
"ref": "1999, Elsbeth Wessel, Wien, page 105:",
"text": "siklende som en kamel",
"translation": "drooling like a camel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Camels and trucks.",
"ref": "2003, Ari Behn, Bakgård, page 239:",
"text": "Kameler og lastebiler.",
"translation": "Camels and trucks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "what a fearsome creature the camel can be",
"ref": "2022, Tove Nilsen, Nordens elefanter og andre bekjente, pages 246–247:",
"text": "hvilken fryktinngytende skapning kamelen kan være",
"translation": "what a fearsome creature the camel can be",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a camel; an ungulate of the genus Camelus, with one or two humps"
],
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"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"ungulate",
"ungulate"
],
[
"Camelus",
"Camelus#Translingual"
]
],
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"(zoology) a camel; an ungulate of the genus Camelus, with one or two humps"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
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"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
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}
],
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{
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"text": "topuklet kamel",
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}
],
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],
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"links": [
[
"zoology",
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[
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"Bactrian camel"
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],
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}
],
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],
"topics": [
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"natural-sciences",
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]
},
{
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{
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"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
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],
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"nautical"
],
[
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[
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"caisson"
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[
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],
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],
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],
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"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
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},
{
"rhymes": "-eːl"
}
],
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],
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],
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{
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},
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],
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},
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},
{
"args": {
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],
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}
],
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{
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},
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},
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},
{
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"source": "w"
},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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},
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{
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19
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],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 96:",
"text": "Rozmnozenye camelow inundacio camelorum (inundatio camelorum operiet te Is 60, 6)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
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],
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]
],
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"word": "wielbłąd"
}
]
}
],
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},
{
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}
],
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}
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"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nAncient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nLatin camēluslbor.\nOld Polish kamel\nPolish kamel\nInherited from Old Polish kamel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
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]
},
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},
{
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"singular"
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},
{
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"tags": [
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"plural"
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},
{
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"singular"
]
},
{
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"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowi",
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"dative",
"singular"
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},
{
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"tags": [
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"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
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"plural"
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},
{
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"instrumental",
"singular"
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},
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"plural"
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{
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"singular"
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},
{
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"plural"
]
},
{
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"vocative"
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"translation": "Sanddrifts that large ships, only disarmbed and on camels (on the tree's rafts placed under them), can't pass through, further.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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]
],
"english": "On Sunday, Sarrasani ends his performances in Zabrze and during Monday morning they will transport 56 lions, 14 tigers, sea lions, hippo leopards, bears, etc., and separate trains with 22 elephants, 200 horses, camels, zebras, buffaloes, with bulls in Bytom.",
"ref": "1928, Tygodnik na Powiat Tarnogórski : z dodatkiem \"Orędownik Powiatowy\" : pismo poświęcone sprawom lokalnym, volume 6, number 70, page 2:",
"text": "W niedzielę zakończa Sarrasani swe przedstawienia w Zabrzu i w przeciągu poniedziałku dopołudnia przewiezą auto 56 lwów, 14 tygrysów, lwów morskich, leopardów hipopetama, niedźwiedzi itp. zaś osobne pociągi 22 słoniami, 200 końmi, kamelami, cebrami, bawołami, buhajami dostajni w Bytomiu.",
"translation": "On Sunday, Sarrasani ends his performances in Zabrze and during Monday morning they will transport 56 lions, 14 tigers, sea lions, hippo leopards, bears, etc., and separate trains with 22 elephants, 200 horses, camels, zebras, buffaloes, with bulls in Bytom.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
104
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
80
]
],
"english": "My Egyptian lady friends were inviting me to join their group in Cairo on camels to the pyramids to look at Egyptian mummies.",
"ref": "1937, Gazeta Olsztyńska, page 3:",
"text": "Moje druchny egipskie zaproszały ma żebym wstąpsiuł do nich jek banda w Kairze to ma zaziozó na kamelach do piramidów łoglądać mumie egipskie.",
"translation": "My Egyptian lady friends were inviting me to join their group in Cairo on camels to the pyramids to look at Egyptian mummies.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
31
]
],
"english": "He sat Jorguś down on the camel, which Chadra moved from its hooves, and the old man says: -Do you see far out there, where those huts shine white, that's where we're going, because today little Jesus was born there.",
"ref": "2007, Bogdan Dzierżawa, “Starzikowo chojinka”, in Tygodnik Rybnicki, ul. Zborowa 4, 47-400 Racibórz, Poland: Wydawnictwo Nowiny Sp. z o.o., →ISSN:",
"text": "Posadziył Jorgusia na kamela, kero ruszyła z kopyta, a starzik godo: – Widzisz tam daleko, kaj sie te chałupy biylom, tam jadymy, bo dzisioj sie tam mały Jezusek narodziył.",
"translation": "He sat Jorguś down on the camel, which Chadra moved from its hooves, and the old man says: -Do you see far out there, where those huts shine white, that's where we're going, because today little Jesus was born there.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of wielbłąd (“camel”)"
],
"id": "en-kamel-pl-noun-vXkVCcQb",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"wielbłąd",
"wielbłąd#Polish"
],
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, regional or obsolete) synonym of wielbłąd (“camel”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "camel",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "wielbłąd"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.mɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-amɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "camelar"
}
],
"lang": "Caló",
"lang_code": "rmq",
"word": "camelar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काम",
"4": "",
"5": "love, desire",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काम",
"4": "",
"5": "love, desire"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"tr": "kām-am"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Persian [script needed] (kām-am)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "xcl",
"3": "կամիմ",
"4": "կամ-իմ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Armenian կամ-իմ (kam-im)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂-",
"t": "to desire, wish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Three etymologies have been proposed:\n* Inherited from Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”).\n* Borrowed from Middle Persian [script needed] (kām-am).\n* Borrowed from Old Armenian կամ-իմ (kam-im) (itself an Iranian borrowing).\nAll three are ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "rom-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Romani",
"lang_code": "rom",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romani verbs ending in -el",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"id": "en-kamel-rom-verb-N-OMg8z-",
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romani verbs ending in -el",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to want"
],
"id": "en-kamel-rom-verb-lNUNkoH8",
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kamel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "camelus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camelus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"4": "",
"5": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kamel, from Late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kamel c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kamel c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel (especially the Bactrian camel, Camelus bactrianus)"
],
"id": "en-kamel-sv-noun-dwr9NfO5",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"Bactrian camel",
"Bactrian camel"
],
[
"Camelus bactrianus",
"Camelus bactrianus#Translingual"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "kameldjur"
},
{
"word": "kameldrivare"
},
{
"word": "kamelföl"
},
{
"word": "kamelförare"
},
{
"word": "kamelhingst"
},
{
"word": "kamelhår"
},
{
"word": "kamelkaravan"
},
{
"word": "kamelrygg"
},
{
"word": "kamelryttare"
},
{
"word": "kamelsadel"
},
{
"word": "kamelsto"
},
{
"word": "kamelull"
},
{
"english": "dromedary",
"translation": "dromedary",
"word": "dromedar"
},
{
"english": "caravan",
"translation": "caravan",
"word": "karavan"
},
{
"english": "hump",
"translation": "hump",
"word": "puckel"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baktrisk kamel"
}
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Sv-en kamel.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0e/Sv-en_kamel.ogg/Sv-en_kamel.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Sv-en_kamel.ogg"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Byzantine Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"kemel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Upper Sorbian\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"hsb\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"hsb\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Upper_Sorbian:_camel\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Kamel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Kamel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hsb-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelemi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animal",
"name": "hsb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
},
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.anml"
},
"name": "hsb-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 12 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Upper Sorbian entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Upper Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "hsb",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "hsb:Mammals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel"
],
"id": "en-kamel-hsb-noun-SBJYXpRJ",
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wjelbłud"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈmɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "la",
"3": "camelus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camelus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"4": "",
"5": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "da-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelerne",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelernes",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"10": "kameler",
"11": "",
"12": "{{{pl-indef-2}}}",
"13": "",
"14": "{{{pl-indef-3}}}",
"15": "",
"16": "{{{com}}}",
"2": "noun",
"3": "singular definite",
"4": "kamelen",
"5": "",
"6": "{{{sg-def-2}}}",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "plural indefinite",
"checkredlinks": "1",
"f1accel-form": "def|s",
"f4accel-form": "indef|p",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "kamel c (singular definite kamelen, plural indefinite kameler)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"expansion": "kamel c (singular definite kamelen, plural indefinite kameler)",
"name": "da-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "er"
},
"name": "da-decl"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "c",
"gen-pl-def": "kamelernes",
"gen-pl-def-2": "",
"gen-pl-def-3": "",
"gen-pl-indef": "kamelers",
"gen-pl-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-def": "kamelens",
"gen-sg-def-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef": "kamels",
"gen-sg-indef-2": "",
"gen-sg-indef-3": "",
"pl-def": "kamelerne",
"pl-def-2": "",
"pl-def-3": "",
"pl-indef": "kameler",
"pl-indef-2": "",
"pl-indef-3": "",
"sg-def": "kamelen",
"sg-def-2": "",
"sg-indef": "kamel"
},
"name": "da-noun-infl-base"
}
],
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Danish common-gender nouns",
"Danish entries with incorrect language header",
"Danish lemmas",
"Danish nouns",
"Danish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Danish terms derived from Latin",
"Danish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Danish terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"da:Animals",
"da:Camelids",
"da:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"camel"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nByzantine Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nMiddle High German kemel\nGerman Kamelbor.\nKashubian kamel\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Byzantine Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"kemel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Kashubian\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"csb\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"csb\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Kashubian:_camel\">\nBorrowed from German Kamel.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nByzantine Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nMiddle High German kemel\nGerman Kamelbor.\nKashubian kamel\nBorrowed from German Kamel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"f": "kamelka"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animal (female equivalent kamelka)",
"name": "csb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧mel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧mel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashubian animal nouns",
"Kashubian entries with etymology texts",
"Kashubian entries with etymology trees",
"Kashubian entries with etymon",
"Kashubian entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashubian lemmas",
"Kashubian masculine nouns",
"Kashubian nouns",
"Kashubian terms borrowed from German",
"Kashubian terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Kashubian terms derived from German",
"Kashubian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Kashubian terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Kashubian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/amɛl",
"Rhymes:Kashubian/amɛl/2 syllables",
"csb:Camelids"
],
"glosses": [
"camel (mammal of the genus Camelus)"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"Camelus",
"Camelus#Translingual"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wielbłąd"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.mɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-amɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel"
},
"expansion": "[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Byzantine Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gkm\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"kemel\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Lower Sorbian\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"dsb\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"dsb\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Lower_Sorbian:_camel\">",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "German Kamel",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "la",
"3": "camēlus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camēlus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ar",
"2": "جَمَل"
},
"expansion": "Arabic جَمَل (jamal)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "he",
"2": "גמל",
"sc": "Hebr",
"tr": "gamál"
},
"expansion": "Hebrew גמל (gamál)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Kamel, from Latin camēlus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), from Proto-Semitic *gamal-; compare Arabic جَمَل (jamal) and Hebrew גמל (gamál).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelka",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dsb-decl-noun-21",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameloma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an",
"f": "kamelka"
},
"expansion": "kamel m anim (female equivalent kamelka)",
"name": "dsb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧mel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧mel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kamel",
"animate": "1"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun-21"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kamel",
"10": "kamela",
"11": "kamelowu",
"12": "kamele, kamelow",
"13": "kamelom",
"14": "kameloma",
"15": "kamelami",
"16": "kamelu",
"17": "kameloma",
"18": "kamelach",
"2": "kamela",
"3": "kamele",
"4": "kamela",
"5": "kamelowu",
"6": "kamelow",
"7": "kameloju",
"8": "kameloma",
"9": "kamelam",
"name": "kamel"
},
"name": "dsb-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Lower Sorbian",
"lang_code": "dsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lower Sorbian animate nouns",
"Lower Sorbian entries with etymon",
"Lower Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Lower Sorbian lemmas",
"Lower Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Lower Sorbian nouns",
"Lower Sorbian terms borrowed from German",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from German",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Latin",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-Semitic",
"Lower Sorbian terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Lower Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Lower Sorbian/ɛl",
"Rhymes:Lower Sorbian/ɛl/2 syllables",
"dsb:Even-toed ungulates"
],
"glosses": [
"camel (beast of burden)"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈmɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "arn",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Mapudungun",
"lang_code": "arn",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mapudungun Raguileo spellings",
"Mapudungun adverbs",
"Mapudungun entries with incorrect language header",
"Mapudungun lemmas",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"arn:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"last year"
],
"links": [
[
"last year",
"last year"
]
],
"tags": [
"Raguileo-Alphabet"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun",
"altform": "1"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "camel"
}
],
"categories": [
"Middle English alternative forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"alternative form of camel"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel#Middle_English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "Bactrian camel",
"translation": "Bactrian camel",
"word": "baktriakamel"
},
{
"english": "camel driver",
"translation": "camel driver",
"word": "kameldriver"
},
{
"english": "camelid",
"translation": "camelid",
"word": "kameldyr"
},
{
"english": "camel family",
"translation": "camel family",
"word": "kamelfamilie"
},
{
"english": "camel calf",
"translation": "camel calf",
"word": "kamelføll"
},
{
"english": "female camel",
"translation": "female camel",
"word": "kamelhoppe"
},
{
"english": "camel hair",
"translation": "camel hair",
"word": "kamelhår"
},
{
"english": "camel milk",
"translation": "camel milk",
"word": "kamelmelk"
},
{
"english": "camel wool",
"translation": "camel wool",
"word": "kamelull"
},
{
"english": "pack camel",
"translation": "pack camel",
"word": "pakk-kamel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell",
"4": "",
"5": "camel",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell (“camel”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Norse kamell (“camel”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "gml",
"3": "kamel",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German kamel (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "la",
"3": "camēlus",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Latin camēlus (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"t": "camel",
"tr": "kámēlos"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-",
"t": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal- (“camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Danish kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Swedish kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "German Kamel",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "camel"
},
"expansion": "English camel",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Norse kamell (“camel”), borrowed from Middle Low German kamel (“camel”), from Latin camēlus (“camel”), from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”), from an unidentified Semitic source, ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal- (“camel”).\nCompare Norwegian Nynorsk kamel, Danish kamel, Swedish kamel, German Kamel and English camel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelene",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kamel m (definite singular kamelen, indefinite plural kameler, definite plural kamelene)",
"name": "nb-noun-m1"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål terms with quotations",
"nb:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "enpuklet kamel — dromedary"
},
{
"english": "to accept something contrary to one's principles or wishes in order to reach a compromise",
"text": "svelge/sluke en kamel or svelge/sluke kameler",
"translation": "to accept something contrary to one's principles or wishes in order to reach a compromise"
},
{
"english": "to be excessively strict about minor matters while overlooking more important ones",
"text": "avsile myggen, men sluke kamelen or sile av myggen, men sluke kamelen",
"translation": "to be excessively strict about minor matters while overlooking more important ones"
},
{
"english": "camels in majestic procession across yellow desert sand",
"ref": "1993, Øystein Lønn, Thranes metode og andre noveller:",
"text": "kameler i majestetisk marsj over gul ørkensand",
"translation": "camels in majestic procession across yellow desert sand",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "drooling like a camel",
"ref": "1999, Elsbeth Wessel, Wien, page 105:",
"text": "siklende som en kamel",
"translation": "drooling like a camel",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "Camels and trucks.",
"ref": "2003, Ari Behn, Bakgård, page 239:",
"text": "Kameler og lastebiler.",
"translation": "Camels and trucks.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"english": "what a fearsome creature the camel can be",
"ref": "2022, Tove Nilsen, Nordens elefanter og andre bekjente, pages 246–247:",
"text": "hvilken fryktinngytende skapning kamelen kan være",
"translation": "what a fearsome creature the camel can be",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a camel; an ungulate of the genus Camelus, with one or two humps"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"ungulate",
"ungulate"
],
[
"Camelus",
"Camelus#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) a camel; an ungulate of the genus Camelus, with one or two humps"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nb:Zoology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Bactrian camel",
"text": "topuklet kamel",
"translation": "Bactrian camel"
}
],
"glosses": [
"specifically, a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), having two humps"
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"Bactrian camel",
"Bactrian camel"
],
[
"Camelus bactrianus",
"Camelus bactrianus#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) specifically, a Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus), having two humps"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baktriakamel"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nb:Nautical"
],
"glosses": [
"a camel; a watertight caisson or pontoon which can be flooded and pumped dry to raise a ship from the seabed or carry it over a shoal"
],
"links": [
[
"nautical",
"nautical"
],
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"caisson",
"caisson"
],
[
"pontoon",
"pontoon"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(nautical) a camel; a watertight caisson or pontoon which can be flooded and pumped dry to raise a ship from the seabed or carry it over a shoal"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"nautical",
"transport"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"nb:Engineering"
],
"glosses": [
"a water tank on a central-heating system"
],
"links": [
[
"engineering",
"engineering#Noun"
],
[
"water",
"water"
],
[
"tank",
"tank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(engineering) a water tank on a central-heating system"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈmeːl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eːl"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"no:Kameler"
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos), via Old Norse kamell.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamelen",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelar",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelane",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "kamel m (definite singular kamelen, indefinite plural kamelar, definite plural kamelane)",
"name": "nn-noun-m1"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dromedar"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
"Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"nn:Camelids"
],
"glosses": [
"a camel (as Norwegian Bokmål above)"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"word": "kamel"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:camēlus",
"id": "camel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nAncient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nLatin camēluslbor.\nOld Polish kamel\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"camēlus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"zlw-opl\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Old_Polish:_camel\">\nLearned borrowing from Latin camēlus.",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1471"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1471",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nAncient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nLatin camēluslbor.\nOld Polish kamel\nLearned borrowing from Latin camēlus. First attested in 1471.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "kamel m animacy unattested",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an!"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animacy unattested",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Old Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Old Polish entries with etymon",
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish masculine nouns",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Old Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Old Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"zlw-opl:Camelids"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
12,
19
]
],
"ref": "1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 96:",
"text": "Rozmnozenye camelow inundacio camelorum (inundatio camelorum operiet te Is 60, 6)",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"camel (mammal)"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wielbłąd"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kamɛlʲ/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/kamɛlʲ/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":inh",
"3": "zlw-opl:kamel",
"id": "camel",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nAncient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nLatin camēluslbor.\nOld Polish kamel\nPolish kamel\n[Appendix:Glossary#learned_borrowing|Learned borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Semitic\", \"term\" : \"*gamal-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"sem-wes-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κάμηλος\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"camēlus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"lbor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"kamel\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"camel\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"kamel\" id=\"Polish:_camel\">\nInherited from Old Polish kamel.",
"name": "etymon"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-West Semitic *gamal-bor.\nAncient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos)bor.\nLatin camēluslbor.\nOld Polish kamel\nPolish kamel\nInherited from Old Polish kamel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameli",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ka‧mel"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka‧mel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kame",
"2": "l"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with rare senses",
"Regional Polish",
"Rhymes:Polish/amɛl",
"Rhymes:Polish/amɛl/2 syllables",
"pl:Camelids"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
71,
79
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
51,
57
]
],
"english": "Sanddrifts that large ships, only disarmbed and on camels (on the tree's rafts placed under them), can't pass through, further.",
"ref": "1855, “Turcya”, in Czas, page 3:",
"text": "Zaspy piaszczyste, przez które wielkie okręty, jedynie rozbrojone i na kamelach (na podłożonych pod nie tratwach drzewa) przesunąć się mogą, […].",
"translation": "Sanddrifts that large ships, only disarmbed and on camels (on the tree's rafts placed under them), can't pass through, further.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
231,
239
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
211,
217
]
],
"english": "On Sunday, Sarrasani ends his performances in Zabrze and during Monday morning they will transport 56 lions, 14 tigers, sea lions, hippo leopards, bears, etc., and separate trains with 22 elephants, 200 horses, camels, zebras, buffaloes, with bulls in Bytom.",
"ref": "1928, Tygodnik na Powiat Tarnogórski : z dodatkiem \"Orędownik Powiatowy\" : pismo poświęcone sprawom lokalnym, volume 6, number 70, page 2:",
"text": "W niedzielę zakończa Sarrasani swe przedstawienia w Zabrzu i w przeciągu poniedziałku dopołudnia przewiezą auto 56 lwów, 14 tygrysów, lwów morskich, leopardów hipopetama, niedźwiedzi itp. zaś osobne pociągi 22 słoniami, 200 końmi, kamelami, cebrami, bawołami, buhajami dostajni w Bytomiu.",
"translation": "On Sunday, Sarrasani ends his performances in Zabrze and during Monday morning they will transport 56 lions, 14 tigers, sea lions, hippo leopards, bears, etc., and separate trains with 22 elephants, 200 horses, camels, zebras, buffaloes, with bulls in Bytom.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
96,
104
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
74,
80
]
],
"english": "My Egyptian lady friends were inviting me to join their group in Cairo on camels to the pyramids to look at Egyptian mummies.",
"ref": "1937, Gazeta Olsztyńska, page 3:",
"text": "Moje druchny egipskie zaproszały ma żebym wstąpsiuł do nich jek banda w Kairze to ma zaziozó na kamelach do piramidów łoglądać mumie egipskie.",
"translation": "My Egyptian lady friends were inviting me to join their group in Cairo on camels to the pyramids to look at Egyptian mummies.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
28
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
31
]
],
"english": "He sat Jorguś down on the camel, which Chadra moved from its hooves, and the old man says: -Do you see far out there, where those huts shine white, that's where we're going, because today little Jesus was born there.",
"ref": "2007, Bogdan Dzierżawa, “Starzikowo chojinka”, in Tygodnik Rybnicki, ul. Zborowa 4, 47-400 Racibórz, Poland: Wydawnictwo Nowiny Sp. z o.o., →ISSN:",
"text": "Posadziył Jorgusia na kamela, kero ruszyła z kopyta, a starzik godo: – Widzisz tam daleko, kaj sie te chałupy biylom, tam jadymy, bo dzisioj sie tam mały Jezusek narodziył.",
"translation": "He sat Jorguś down on the camel, which Chadra moved from its hooves, and the old man says: -Do you see far out there, where those huts shine white, that's where we're going, because today little Jesus was born there.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of wielbłąd (“camel”)"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"wielbłąd",
"wielbłąd#Polish"
],
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare, regional or obsolete) synonym of wielbłąd (“camel”)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "camel",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "wielbłąd"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"rare",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.mɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-amɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romani 2-syllable words",
"Romani entries with incorrect language header",
"Romani lemmas",
"Romani terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Romani verbs",
"Romani verbs ending in -el"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "camelar"
}
],
"lang": "Caló",
"lang_code": "rmq",
"word": "camelar"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काम",
"4": "",
"5": "love, desire",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "sa",
"3": "काम",
"4": "",
"5": "love, desire"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "pal",
"3": "",
"tr": "kām-am"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle Persian [script needed] (kām-am)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "xcl",
"3": "կամիմ",
"4": "կամ-իմ"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old Armenian կամ-իմ (kam-im)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*keh₂-",
"t": "to desire, wish"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Three etymologies have been proposed:\n* Inherited from Sanskrit काम (kāma, “love, desire”).\n* Borrowed from Middle Persian [script needed] (kām-am).\n* Borrowed from Old Armenian կամ-իմ (kam-im) (itself an Iranian borrowing).\nAll three are ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *keh₂- (“to desire, wish”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rom",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "el"
},
"expansion": "kamel",
"name": "rom-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Romani",
"lang_code": "rom",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to want"
],
"links": [
[
"want",
"want"
]
]
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gmq-osw",
"3": "kamel"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish kamel",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "non",
"3": "kamell"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse kamell",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "camelus"
},
"expansion": "Latin camelus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "grc",
"3": "κάμηλος",
"4": "",
"5": "camel"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "sem-pro",
"3": "*gamal-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Semitic *gamal-",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Swedish kamel, from Late Old Norse kamell, from Latin camelus, from Ancient Greek κάμηλος (kámēlos, “camel”), ultimately from Proto-Semitic *gamal-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sv-infl-noun-c-er",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamels",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelen",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelens",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kameler",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelers",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelerna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelernas",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "c",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"g4": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "kamel c",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "c"
},
"expansion": "kamel c",
"name": "sv-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sv-infl-noun-c-er"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "kameldjur"
},
{
"word": "kameldrivare"
},
{
"word": "kamelföl"
},
{
"word": "kamelförare"
},
{
"word": "kamelhingst"
},
{
"word": "kamelhår"
},
{
"word": "kamelkaravan"
},
{
"word": "kamelrygg"
},
{
"word": "kamelryttare"
},
{
"word": "kamelsadel"
},
{
"word": "kamelsto"
},
{
"word": "kamelull"
},
{
"english": "dromedary",
"translation": "dromedary",
"word": "dromedar"
},
{
"english": "caravan",
"translation": "caravan",
"word": "karavan"
},
{
"english": "hump",
"translation": "hump",
"word": "puckel"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish common-gender nouns",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Swedish terms derived from Latin",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
"Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish",
"Swedish terms derived from Proto-Semitic"
],
"glosses": [
"camel (especially the Bactrian camel, Camelus bactrianus)"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
],
[
"Bactrian camel",
"Bactrian camel"
],
[
"Camelus bactrianus",
"Camelus bactrianus#Translingual"
]
],
"tags": [
"common-gender"
]
}
],
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{
"audio": "Sv-en kamel.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Sv-en_kamel.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "baktrisk kamel"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Kamel",
"id": "camel"
},
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},
{
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"1": "hsb",
"2": "de",
"3": "Kamel"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Kamel",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
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"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hsb-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kamel",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelow",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamela",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelemi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelomaj",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamelej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kamele",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "kamel m animal",
"name": "hsb-noun"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
},
{
"parts": [
"ka",
"mel"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.anml"
},
"name": "hsb-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Upper Sorbian",
"lang_code": "hsb",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 12 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɛl",
"Rhymes:Upper Sorbian/ɛl/2 syllables",
"Upper Sorbian animal nouns",
"Upper Sorbian entries with etymon",
"Upper Sorbian entries with incorrect language header",
"Upper Sorbian lemmas",
"Upper Sorbian masculine animal nouns",
"Upper Sorbian masculine nouns",
"Upper Sorbian masculine soft stem nouns",
"Upper Sorbian nouns",
"Upper Sorbian terms borrowed from German",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Byzantine Greek",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from German",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Middle High German",
"Upper Sorbian terms derived from Proto-West Semitic",
"Upper Sorbian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"hsb:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"camel"
],
"links": [
[
"camel",
"camel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wjelbłud"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kaˈmɛl/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛl"
}
],
"word": "kamel"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kamel meaning in All languages combined (41.2kB)
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"subsection": "",
"title": "kamel",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 127834174<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 10:47:19 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"kamel",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "",
"title": "kamel",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 132255659<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 10:48:14 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"kamel",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "",
"title": "kamel",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 106253136<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 10:49:10 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"kamel",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "Upper Sorbian",
"subsection": "",
"title": "kamel",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 110181101<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 10:50:05 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
{
"called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
"msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
"path": [
"kamel",
"Template:etymon",
"#invoke",
"#invoke",
"Lua:Module:etymon:main()"
],
"section": "Upper Sorbian",
"subsection": "",
"title": "kamel",
"trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n a { color: #9e9eff; }\n body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 104975890<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Wed, 26 Aug 2026 10:51:01 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.